Filters can pre-set into the insights, and there is a requirement to prevent users changing this filter.
For example, if the record has VIP flag, then the filter will hide those with VIP flag and user is not allowed to override this filter, unless they have VIP access.
In report definition, in the filter, there is an option to make it read only/hidden filter. Is there any similar for insights?
Data pages - if you use a non-queryable datapage, then you can create Insights based on this. That datapage, in the load, could filter the records before it even gets to Insights
List View - same as option 2, if you don’t want to use a non-queryable datapage and insights, you could do the same with a list view. Filtering happens inside datapage, not run time to be overidden